The exact cause of nocturnal leg cramps is unknown (idiopathic). However certain individuals with chronic conditions may be at risk of leg cramps at night. Nocturnal leg cramps are more common in older persons, especially women, and primarily affects the calf muscles and small muscles of the feet. Leg cramps may occur as a symptom, side effect or complication to a multitude of secondary causes. Hormonal causes seen in pregnancy and menopause, hypoparathyroidism (the parathyroid hormone is responsible for calcium regulation), hypothyriodism or secondary hyopcalcemia seen in hyperthyriodism. Most possible hormonal causes of leg cramps may not be directly related to the process of nocturnal cramps but rather contribute to it indirectly due to calcium absorption and utilization. Drugs especially cholesterol lowering agents (statins) and diuretics which contributes to the loss of water and electrolytes. Certain diabetic drugs, anti-hypertensive medication, oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy may also contribute to leg cramps at night. Dehydration – loss of water and electrolytes (electrolyte imbalance)  is known to contribute to muscle spasm. Overexertion and muscle fatigue. Changes of the gait (posture when standing and walking) and limping may strain muscles of the leg resulting in leg cramps. Inactivity and a lack of … Continue reading Risk Factors & Causes of Severe Leg Cramps at Night