What is Metformin? Metformin belongs to a class of drugs known as biguanides which are used to treat diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes). Biguanides were developed from guanidine which was extracted from a plant known as Goat’s rue. It was used to treat diabetes in medieval Europe. Phenformin was the first clinically >> Read More ...
What are sulfonylureas? Sulfonylureas were the first oral medication to be used for treatment of diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes). It encompasses a group of sulfonamide-related chemicals that can stimulate the release of insulin from the beta cells in the pancreas. Sulfonylureas are therefore known as insulin >> Read More ...
Dietary management of hypercholesterolemia, or a cholesterol diet, is a combination of a calorie-controlled eating plan incorporating foods that may help to reduce LDL cholesterol levels and/or increase HDL levels while avoiding foods that may increase LDL cholesterol and reduce HDL cholesterol. Low glycemic index (GI) >> Read More ...
The average male adult has just over 5 million red blood cells per cubic millimeter (microliter) while adult females have over 4.5 million red blood cells per microliter. This quantity of red blood cells may vary for a number of reasons – both physiological and pathological. While the body can cope with a slight >> Read More ...
Red blood cells, or erythrocytes, are the most abundant cells in the bloodstream and contains hemoglobin, the compound that carries oxygen through the body. While hemoglobin can occur in a free state in some animals, in the human body it has to be contained within a cell – the red blood cell. Any disruption of the >> Read More ...
Oxygen-rich blood enters the leg via the leg arteries, travel via the multiple branches of the major arteries until it enters the arterioles and then the capillaries. Here the exchange of gas, nutrients and waste between the blood in the capillaries and the tissue of the leg ensures that the leg structures are provided >> Read More ...
Venous insufficiency is a condition where the flow of blood from the leg back to the heart is impaired. The leg veins carry oxygen deficient blood away from the legs and certain anatomical features and physiological mechanisms in the leg enable the unidirectional flow of blood to the heart. This includes the : >> Read More ...
Vaginal discharge is the variable amounts of secretions from the glands in the vagina and cervix. A small amount of vaginal discharge, usually clear or whitish in color, with a mild odor or no smell at all is considered as normal in most women, especially in women of childbearing age. Underlying pathology may give rise >> Read More ...
What is peripheral arterial disease? Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a condition where the the blood flow to the limbs, arm or leg, is impaired due to a narrowing of the arteries supplying these areas. It is more likely to affect the leg than the arm and has become a global problem due to the rise in atherosclerosis. >> Read More ...
The arteries to the legs carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the thigh, lower leg and foot. The main artery to the leg is the femoral artery. It is the continuation of the external iliac artery below the inguinal ligament. The external iliac artery is a branch of the common iliac artery which is formed when the >> Read More ...
