There are three pairs of salivary glands in the mouth which produce mucoid and serous fluids known as saliva. The largest of these glands are the parotid glands, with one located on each side of the face. The parotid gland roughly resembles an inverted pyramid. It is located behind the angle of the jaw, slightly in front >> Read More ...
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) and other salicylates are present in many over-the-counter (OTC) drugs which are used as analgesics (pain relievers), antipyretics (for controlling fever), and anti-inflammatory medicines. Due to its antiplatelet effect, aspirin is prescribed in low doses for prevention of heart attack, >> Read More ...
Poisoning is a common medical emergency seen in both children and adults. Prompt treatment is often a matter of life or death and the measures that are first undertaken, even by a person that is not medically trained, can greatly alter the outlook. In most cases the poison is self-administered. Self-poisoning may be >> Read More ...
Human hairs are elongated strands primarily composed of the protein keratin. The main function of hair is to provide warmth, both by acting as an insulator on the surface and by standing erect in cold and windy conditions to slow down the flow of air on the skin surface. It may also offer some degree of protection, albeit >> Read More ...
A heart attack (myocardial infarction) is death of a portion of the muscular heart wall as a result of severely reduced blood supply. It is most commonly due to a blockage in the coronary artery which supplies oxygen-rich blood to the heart wall. An occlusion that causes injury but not death to the heart wall over a period >> Read More ...
Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver and may be due to a number of insults, from chemical irritants, to infections and autoimmune mechanisms. Viral hepatitis is one of the most common forms of liver inflammation and is caused by an infection with a virus. Although many different types of viruses can cause viral >> Read More ...
The liver, apart from being versatile, is a highly resilient organ. It is able to withstand a range of chemical insults on a daily basis and one of its core functions is to reduce the toxic effect of various noxious substances. Despite its ability to neutralize chemical agents and regenerate more prolifically than many >> Read More ...
A viral infection of the liver is most commonly due to one of the five types of hepatitis viruses – A, B, C, D and E. These viruses are similar in structure, except for hepatitis D, and the pathogenesis is also similar. Some are more likely to cause just an acute infection and resolve, while others are often >> Read More ...
There are five main types of hepatitis viruses that can infect the liver and cause inflammation. Some of these will cause acute inflammation and resolves spontaneously or with minimal treatment and there is no risk of chronic infection. Others may present with an acute phase but chronic infection persists for life and may >> Read More ...
Skeletal muscle are those voluntary muscles that attaches to bones and is responsible for movement of the different body parts. The muscles are active to varying degrees in each individual, which affects its size and structure. The muscles are prone to the same physiological changes and pathological alterations as any >> Read More ...
