What is a blood clot? A blood clot is a coagulated mass of blood cells and other blood components. It plugs any damaged area of the vessel wall and maintains the integrity of the blood vessel by preventing blood from leaking out. A host of factors come into play in blood clotting (coagulation). When an area of the vessel >> Read More ...
Bleeding diseases or blood clotting disorders are a group of conditions that affect the body’s ability to stop blood loss. The mechanism by which blood loss is normally stopped is known as hemostasis and involves several phases. One of these phases is the blood clotting or coagulation >> Read More ...
Hemostasis is the mechanism to prevent blood loss. It is a fast acting system that has multiple steps to reduce blood loss, temporarily and then permanently plug the leak until the integrity of the blood vessel is restored. There are four main phases to hemostasis with the blood coagulation phase following vascular >> Read More ...
Blood is contained within the cardiovascular system – the heart and blood vessels – with additional amounts stored in the liver and spleen. The quantity of blood in the human body is approximately 5.5 liters. When bleeding, up to 20% of this total blood volume can be lost without a person being at risk provided >> Read More ...
What is urea? Urea is the organic compound high in nitrogen that is formed in the body during protein and ammonia breakdown. It is fairly harmless but large quantities can be dangerous and urea is constantly passed out by the kidneys in urine. Proteins are broken down into simpler substances known as amino acids which are >> Read More ...
Testosterone is the most abundant male sex hormone (androgen) circulating in the body. It is mainly formed in the testes although androgens from the adrenal glands can also be converted into testosterone. This hormone is essential for the development of the male sex organs in the fetal stage and subsides a few months after >> Read More ...
What is Emphysema Emphysema is the abnormal enlargement of the airspaces in the lungs with destruction of the walls of the air sacs. It is accompanied by a loss of elasticity of the airways which then collapse during expiration. Pulmonary emphysema literally means excess air in the lungs since the air that is inspired >> Read More ...
Male sex hormones known as androgens are present in both males and females. In men, the testes produces most of the androgens with small amounts contributed by the adrenal glands. In women, both the adrenal glands and ovaries produce androgens but the more significant quantity is the adrenal androgens. Disorders that give >> Read More ...
What is spermatogenesis? Spermatogeneis is the process of sperm production and involves several steps that leads to the differentiation of cells into functioning sperm cells (spermatozoa). The process occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes (testicles). Sperm should be differentiated from the semen which is >> Read More ...
What are the Androgens? The male sex hormones are collectively known as androgens. The most abundant of these hormones is testosterone and it is therefore considered as the main male sex hormone. However there are several other male hormones that are secreted by the testes (testicles). All androgens are steroids hormones. >> Read More ...
