What is an inguinal hernia? Inguinal hernias are those which are seen in the groin region and account for about 75% of all hernias. With an inguinal hernia, the contents of the abdominal cavity protrude through the inguinal canal. It is more prevalent in men. Inguinal hernias are either of a direct type or indirect type >> Read More ...
The lymphatic system is an additional channel for interstitial fluid from the tissue spaces to return to the bloodstream. Apart from the drainage of the excess tissue fluid, the lymphatic system also plays an important role in carrying larger particles, like proteins, which cannot enter the blood capillaries to return to >> Read More ...
What is the pancreas? The pancreas is an elongated lobular gland extending from the C-loop of the duodenum to the hilum of the spleen. Due to its shape, the pancreas is divided into a head, neck, body and tail for descriptive purposes. An extensive ductule network and large pancreatic duct empties into the common bile >> Read More ...
The heart has four chambers – two atria (right and left) and two ventricles (right and left). Blood from the rest of the body or the lungs enters the right and left atrium respectively. The atria then pushes the blood into the ventricles. The more muscular ventricle wall contracts sending the blood into the pulmonary >> Read More ...
Prostate pain (prostatodynia) or discomfort may be seen in all three of the main conditions affecting the prostate gland – prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. The pain may vary in severity and nature radiating to surrounding structures and extending to the lower back or even the tip >> Read More ...
The urinary bladder is a hollow muscular organ located in the lesser pelvis when empty. It serves as a reservoir for urine and can stretch considerably to store close to a maximum of 500 milliliters of urine. The average full bladder that is not overly distended contains about 350 milliliters of urine. It receives urine >> Read More ...
Drugs Available as Nasal Sprays A variety of drugs are used in the form of a nasal spray. It is also increasingly being explored as a route of administration for several other drugs. The currently available nasal sprays include Antihistamines Corticosteroids Topical decongestants Saline >> Read More ...
What is the duodenum? The duodenum is the first of the three parts of the small intestine and continues from the pylorus of the stomach. It is the shortest part of the small intestine, measuring approximately 25 centimeters in length and is also the most important site of digestion as the pancreatic enzymes and bile empty >> Read More ...
The thyroid gland is the one of the largest endocrine gland in the body lying in the front part of the neck. It plays a central role in the body’s metabolism by secreting the thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which increases the basal metabolic rate of cells. It also secretes the hormone >> Read More ...
Types of Bladder Cancer More than 90% of bladder cancer are transitional cell carcinomas and less frequent malignant tumors arising from bladder are squamous cell carcinoma (5%), adenocarcinoma (3%) and undifferentiated carcinomas (like small cell carcinoma and giant cell carcinoma; 1%). Sarcoma, melanoma and lymphomas of >> Read More ...
